Obesity has become a worldwide epidemic, affecting over a billion people, including 880 million adults and 159 million children. The consequences of obesity are alarming, with increased risks of various health conditions.
The Alarming Statistics:
According to a research study published in the medical journal, The Lancet, it is estimated that by 2022, one in eight people worldwide will be living with obesity. The prevalence of adult obesity has more than doubled since 1990, and adolescent obesity has quadrupled. In 2022, 2.5 billion adults were overweight, with 890 million living with obesity.
Understanding Obesity:
Obesity is defined as having an excessive amount of body fat deposits. It is differentiated from being overweight, which is determined by a body mass index (BMI) greater than or equal to 25. Obesity is classified as a BMI greater than or equal to 30. The regions with the highest rates of obesity are Oceania, the Caribbean, the Middle East, and North Africa.
Obesity in India:
India is also grappling with the obesity crisis. In terms of obesity rates, India ranks 182 out of 197 countries for women and 180 for men. The adult obesity rate in India has increased significantly, from 1.2% in 1990 to 9.8% in 2022 for women, and from 0.5% to 5.4% for men. Shockingly, around 12.5 million children between the ages of 5 and 19 were overweight in 2022, compared to just 0.4 million in 1990.
The Dangers of Obesity:
Obesity poses numerous health risks, including an increased likelihood of developing type 2 diabetes, heart diseases, and certain cancers. It can also impact bone health, reproduction, and basic human activities such as sleeping and mobility.
Causes of Obesity:
Unhealthy processed foods available at low prices, aggressive marketing campaigns promoting unhealthy food, and a lack of physical activity are major contributors to the rise in obesity. The World Health Organization (WHO) states that obesity is caused by a combination of factors, including medications, diseases, lack of physical movement, and even genetic factors.
How to over come Obesity:
To address the obesity crisis, the WHO recommends several strategies.
Children should engage in at least 60 minutes of physical activity daily, while adults should aim for 150 minutes of exercise per week.
It is crucial for both adults and children to focus on their food behavior, quality sleep, and physical activity.
Limiting the consumption of processed foods, sugar-sweetened beverages, tobacco, and alcohol is also essential.
Additionally, prioritizing mental health and increasing the consumption of fruits, vegetables, legumes, whole grains, and nuts is recommended.
Policy Changes:
Policy makers play a vital role in creating healthy food environments. They should make healthier food options available, accessible, and desirable. Public parks and walking spaces should be made easily accessible to encourage physical activity. The WHO report even suggests implementing a 20% tax on sugary drinks and reviewing online food advertising practices. Norway has already taken a step in the right direction by banning the advertising of unhealthy food and beverages to children under 18 years of age.
The global epidemic of obesity is a pressing issue that requires immediate attention. By adopting healthier lifestyles, promoting physical activity, and implementing effective policies, we can combat this crisis. It is crucial for individuals, communities, and governments to work together to create a healthier future for everyone.
